CSSB Centre for Structural Systems Biology
Suche
Home Research Research Groups Grünewald Group

Grünewald Group

Structural Cell Biology of Viruses

Prof. Dr. Kay Grünewald

Group Leader, Deputy Director, Facility Director (ALFM and Cryo-EM), Speaker of LSC InterACt

+49 40 8998 87700
kay.gruenewald@cssb-hamburg.de

Home Institute

Leibniz Institute of Virology
www.leibniz-liv.de

Universität Hamburg
www.uni-hamburg.de

We have pioneered the application of cryoET to isolated pleomorphic viruses revealing their three-dimensional supramolecular organization. Examples are virus particle structures for Herpes simplex virus, HIV-1 and Bunyaviruses. We next concentrated on the cell biology of virus infection. Understanding the entirety of a virus’ ‘life cycle’ requires an understanding of its transient structures at the molecular level.

Research Projects

Previous and Current Research

Cells constitute the smallest autonomous units of life. Supramolecular complexes carry out essentially all functions and processes and form the cells structural elements. The tightly regulated structural and functional organization of a cell at this level is currently only rudimentary understood. A comprehensive analysis of this organization and its dynamic changes requires tools that allow for studying these complexes in their native environment. We apply electron cryo tomography (cryoET) in combination with other techniques to approach selected aspects of this highly ordered network analysing protein complexes in situ. Sample preparation by fast vitrification, i.e. embedding in amorphous ice, ensures excellent preservation of structure down to the atomic level.

We have pioneered the application of cryoET to isolated pleomorphic viruses revealing their three-dimensional supramolecular organization. Examples are virus particle structures for Herpes simplex virus, HIV-1 and Bunyaviruses. We next concentrated on the cell biology of virus infection. Understanding the entirety of a virus’ ‘life cycle’ requires an understanding of its transient structures at the molecular level. The aim is a comprehensive picture of the functional interaction between viral protein complexes and cellular structures in the course of the infection. Viruses also serve as dedicated tools to mine the molecular detail of cellular tomograms. Being able to enter cells via physiological pathways and being recognizable among the multitude of other structural features inside the host's cytoplasm, viruses allow for following dynamic cellular processes.

Electron cryo microscopy provides an excellent platform for interfacing with other approaches, like biochemical and X-ray crystallographic studies, and the integration of those inputs with native sub-cellular structural information. Driven by our biological questions we are involved in various efforts of methods development including the combination of cellular and molecular cryoET with ‘single particle’ approaches, advanced fluorescence (cryo) microscopy and soft X-ray cryo microscopy/tomography in a correlative fashion, but also in integrating better with protein-protein-interaction data (e.g. from mass spectrometry) and molecular dynamics simulations.

Research Team

24

Group Leader

Prof. Dr. Kay Grünewald
Phone:+49 40 8998 87700

E-Mail

PhD Student

Laura Andacic

E-Mail

PhD Student

Simon Corroyer-Dulmont

E-Mail

EU SCIENTIFIC PROJECT COORDINATOR

Lorenza D'Alessandro

E-Mail

PhD Student

Henriette Ebel

E-Mail

Scientist

Dounia El Mazouni

E-Mail

PhD Student

Clara Feldmann

E-Mail

PhD Student

Robert Gebauer

E-Mail

Deputy Group Leader

Dr. Christoph Hagen
Phone:+49 40 8998 87702

E-Mail

PhD student

Yuhao Han

E-Mail

Postdoctoral Scientist

Dr. Jan Hellert

E-Mail

Student Assistant

Märit-Runa Jönsson

E-Mail

Postdoctoral Scientist

Dr. Emily Machala

E-Mail

PhD Student

Jędrzej Mazur

E-Mail

PhD Student

Yuliia Mironova

E-Mail

PhD Student

Julia Nentwig

E-Mail

Master Student

Fanny Ott

E-Mail

Postdoctoral Scientist

Dr. Vojtech Prazak

E-Mail

PhD Student

Rene Rosch

E-Mail

PhD Student

Karin Ruban

E-Mail

Team Manager

Susanne Sindermann
Phone:+49 40 8998 87701

E-Mail

Technical Assistant

Simone Träger
Phone:+49 40 8998 87710

E-Mail

Senior Scientist

Dr. Benjamin Vollmer
Phone:+49 40 8998 87718

E-Mail

Postdoctoral Scientist

Dr. Harry Williams

E-Mail

Publications

2024

Liu J, Corroyer-Dulmont S, Pražák V, Khusainov I, Bahrami K, Welsch S, Vasishtan D, Obarska-Kosińska A, Thorkelsson SR, Grünewald K, Quemin ERJ, Turoňová B, Locker JK (2024) The palisade layer of the poxvirus core is composed of flexible A10 trimers. Nat Struct Mol Biol. doi: 10.1038/s41594-024-01218-5.

Manalastas-Cantos K, Adoni KR, Pfeifer M, Märtens B, Grünewald K, Thalassinos K, Topf M (2024) Modeling flexible protein structure with AlphaFold2 and cross-linking mass spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics. 100724. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100724.

2023

Zhou M, Vollmer B, Machala E, Chen M, Grünewald K, Arvin AM, Chiu W, Oliver SL (2024) Targeted mutagenesis of the herpesvirus fusogen central helix captures transition states.  Nat Commun. 14(1):7958. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43011-w.

Manalastas-Cantos K, Adoni KR, Pfeifer M, Märtens B, Grünewald K, Thalassinos K, Topf M (2023) Modeling flexible protein structure with AlphaFold2 and cross-linking mass spectrometry. bioRxiv 2023.09.11.557128. doi.org/10.1101/2023.09.11.557128.

Meier K, Thorkelsson SR, Durieux Trouilleton Q, Vogel D, Yu D, Kosinski J, Cusack S, Malet H, Grünewald K, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M (2023) Structural and functional characterization of the Sin Nombre virus L protein. PLoS Pathog. 19(8):e1011533. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011533.

Ferreira JL, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Siggel M, Hentzschel F, Binder AM, Pietsch E, Kosinski J, Frischknecht F, Gilberger TW, Grünewald K (2023) Variable microtubule architecture in the malaria parasite. Nat Commun. 14(1):1216. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36627-5.

Williams HM, Thorkelsson SR, Vogel D, Milewski M, Busch C, Cusack S, Grünewald K, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M (2023) Structural insights into viral genome replication by the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus L protein. Nucleic Acids Res. gkac1249. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac1249.

2022

Bücker R, Seuring C, Cazey C, Veith K, García-Alai M, Grünewald K, Landau M (2022) The Cryo-EM structures of two amphibian antimicrobial cross-β amyloid fibrils. Nat Commun. 13(1):4356. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32039-z

Caragliano E, Bonazza S, Frascaroli G, Tang J, Soh TK, Grünewald K, Bosse JB, Brune W (2022) Human cytomegalovirus forms phase-separated compartments at viral genomes to facilitate viral replication. Cell Reports. 38(10):110469. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110469.

de Mel, GD, Hellert J, Gupta R, Corti D, Bourhy H (2022) Monoclonal antibodies against rabies: current uses in prophylaxis and in therapy. Curr. Opin. Virol. 53, 101204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101204

Ebel H, Benecke T, Vollmer B (2022) Stabilisation of Viral Membrane Fusion Proteins in Prefusion Conformation by Structure-Based Design for Structure Determination and Vaccine Development. Viruses-Basel 14, 1816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14081816

Ekeberg T, Assalauova D, Bielecki J, Boll R, Daurer BJ, Eichacker LA, Franken LE, Galli DE, Gelisio L, Gumprecht L Gunn L, Hajdu J, Hartmann R, Hasse D, Ignatenko A, Koliyadu J, Kulyk O, Kurta R, Kuster M, Lugmayr W, Lübke J, Mancuso AP, Mazza T, Nettelblad C, Ovcharenko Y, Rivas DE, Rose M, Samanta AK, Schmidt P, Sobolev E, Timneanu N, Usenko S, Westphal S, Wollweber T, Worbs L, Xavier PL, Yousef H, Ayyer K, Chapman HN, Sellberg JA, Seuring C, Vartanyants IA, Küpper J, Meyer M, Maia FRNC (2022) Observation of a single protein by ultrafast X-ray diffraction. bioRxiv, 483477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483477

Ferreira JL, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Siggel M, Hentzschel F, Pietsch E, Kosinski J, Frischknecht F, Gilberger TW, Grünewald K (2022) Form follows function: Variable microtubule architecture in the malaria parasite. bioRxiv, 2022.04.13.488170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.13.488170

Flomm FJ, Soh TK, Schneider C, Wedemann L, Britt HM, Thalassinos K, Pfitzner S, Reimer R, Grünewald K, Bosse JB (2022) Intermittent bulk release of human cytomegalovirus. PLoS Pathog. 18(8):e1010575. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010575.

Franken LE, Rosch R, Laugks U, Grünewald K (2022) Protocol for live-cell fluorescence-guided cryoFIB-milling and electron cryo-tomography of virus-infected cells, STAR Protocols, Volume 3, Issue 4, 101696, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101696.

Konietzny A, Grendel J, Kadek A, Bucher M, Han Y, Hertrich N, Dekkers DHW, Demmers JAA, Grünewald K, Uetrecht C, Mikhaylova M (2022). Caldendrin and myosin V regulate synaptic spine apparatus localization via ER stabilization in dendritic spines. EMBO J. 41, e106523. http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106523

Mishra AK, Hellert J, Freitas N, Guardado-Calvo P, Haouz A, Fels JM, Maurer DP, Abelson DM, Bornholdt ZA, Walker LM, Chandran K, Cosset FL, McLellan JS, Rey FA (2022). Structural basis of synergistic neutralization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by human antibodies. Science 375, 104-109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abl6502

Niebling S, Veith K, Vollmer B, Lizarrondo J, Burastero O, Schiller J, Struve García A, Lewe P, Seuring C, Witt S, García-Alai M (2022) Biophysical Screening Pipeline for Cryo-EM Grid Preparation of Membrane Proteins. Front. Mol. Biosci. 9:882288. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.882288

Villalta A, Schmitt A, Estrozi LF, Quemin ERJ, Alempic JM, Lartigue A, Pražák V, Belmudes L, Vasishtan D, Colmant AMG, Honoré FA, Couté Y, Grünewald K, Abergel C (2022) The giant mimivirus 1.2 Mb genome is elegantly organized into a 30 nm diameter helical protein shield. Elife. 11:e77607. doi: 10.7554/eLife.77607

Williams HM, Thorkelsson SR, Vogel D, Milewski M, Busch C, Cusack S, Grünewald K, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M (2022) Structural insights into viral genome replication by the Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus L protein. bioRxiv, 2022.08.25.505333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.25.505333

2021

Konietzny A, Grendel J, Kadek A, Bucher M, Han Y, Hertrich N, Dekkers DHW, Demmers JAA, Grünewald K, Uetrecht C, Mikhaylova M (2021) Caldendrin and myosin V regulate synaptic spine apparatus localization via ER stabilization in dendritic spines.EMBO J. e106523. doi: 10.15252/embj.2020106523.

Pfitzner S, Bosse JB, Hofmann-Sieber H, Flomm F, Reimer R, Dobner T, Grünewald K, Franken LE (2021). Human Adenovirus Type 5 Infection Leads to Nuclear Envelope Destabilization and Membrane Permeability Independently of Adenovirus Death Protein. Int J Mol Sci. 22(23):13034.

Kouba T, Vogel D, Thorkelsson SR, Quemin ERJ, Williams HM, Milewski M, Busch C, Günther S, Grünewald K, Rosenthal M, Cusack S (2021) Conformational changes in Lassa virus L protein associated with promoter binding and RNA synthesis activity. Nat Commun. 12(1):7018. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27305-5.

Ferreira JL, Heincke D, Wichers JS, Liffner B, Wilson DW, Gilberger TW (2021) The Dynamic Roles of the Inner Membrane Complex in the Multiple Stages of the Malaria Parasite. Front Cell Infect Microbiol.10:611801. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.611801

Meier K, Thorkelsson SR, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M (2021). Hantavirus Replication Cycle-An Updated Structural Virology Perspective. Viruses.13(8):1561.

Naniima P, Naimo E, Koch S, Curth U, Alkharsah KR, Ströh LJ, Binz A, Beneke JM, Vollmer B, Böning H, Borst EM, Desai P, Bohne J, Messerle M, Bauerfeind R, Legrand P, Sodeik B, Schulz TF, Krey T (2021). Assembly of infectious Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus progeny requires formation of a pORF19 pentamer. PLoS Biol.19(11):e3001423.

Vallbracht M, Lötzsch H, Klupp BG, Fuchs W, Vollmer B, Grünewald K, Backovic M, Rey FA, Mettenleiter TC (2021) In Vitro Viral Evolution Identifies a Critical Residue in the Alphaherpesvirus Fusion Glycoprotein B Ectodomain That Controls gH/gL-Independent Entry. mBio.12(3):e00557-21. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00557-21.

Pražák V, Grünewald K, Kaufmann R (Correlative super-resolution fluorescence and electron cryo-microscopy based on cryo-SOFI) Methods Cell Biol.162:253-271. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.10.021.

Silvester E, Vollmer B, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Machala EA, Whittle C, Black S, Bath J, Turberfield AJ, Grünewald K, Baker LA (2021) DNA origami signposts for identifying proteins on cell membranes by electron cryotomography. Cell. 184(4):1110-1121.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.033.

2020

Vollmer B, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Jefferys EE , Hernandez-Duran A, Vallbracht M, Klupp B, Mettenleiter TC, Backovic M, Rey FA, Topf M, Grünewald K (2020). The prefusion structure of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B. Science Advances. eabc1726. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1726

Wolff G, Limpens RWAL, Zevenhoven-Dobbe JC, Laugks U, Zheng S, de Jong AWM, Koning RI, Agard DA, Grünewald K, Koster AJ, Snijder EJ, Bárcena M. (2020) A molecular pore spans the double membrane of the coronavirus replication organelle. Science. 369(6509):1395-1398. doi: 10.1126/science.abd3629.

Quemin ERJ, Machala EA, Vollmer B, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Rosch R, Grange M, Franken LE, Baker LA, Grünewald K (2020) Cellular Electron Cryo-Tomography to Study Virus-Host Interactions. Annu Rev Virol. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-021920-115935.

Pfitzner S, Hofmann-Sieber H, Bosse JB, Franken LE, Grünewald K, Dobner T (2020) Fluorescent protein tagging of adenoviral proteins pV and pIX reveals 'late virion accumulation compartment'. PLoS Pathog.;16(6):e1008588. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008588.

Vogel D, Thorkelsson SR, Quemin ERJ, Meier K, Kouba T, Gogrefe N, Busch C, Reindl S, Günther S, Cusack S, Grünewald K, Rosenthal M (2020) Structural and functional characterization of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus L protein. Nucleic Acids Res. pii: gkaa253. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa253.

Chorev DS, Tang H, Rouse SL, Bolla JR, von Kügelgen A, Baker LA, Wu D, Gault J, Grünewald K, Bharat TAM, Matthews SJ, Robinson CV (2020)The use of sonicated lipid vesicles for mass spectrometry of membrane protein complexes. Nat Protoc. doi: 10.1038/s41596-020-0303-y

Franken LE, Grünewald K, Boekema EJ, Stuart MCA  (2020) A Technical Introduction to Transmission Electron Microscopy for Soft-Matter: Imaging, Possibilities, Choices, and Technical Developments. Small:e1906198. doi: 10.1002/smll.201906198

Vollmer B, Grünewald K (2020)Herpesvirus membrane fusion - a team effort. Curr Opin Struct Biol;62:112-120. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.12.004.

2019

Hernández Durán A, Grünewald K, Topf M (2019)Conserved Central Intraviral Protein Interactome of the Herpesviridae Family. mSystems. e00295-19. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00295-19.

Hernández Durán A, Greco TM, Vollmer B, Cristea IM, Grünewald K, Topf M (2019) Protein interactions and consensus clustering analysis uncover insights into herpesvirus virion structure and function relationships. PLoS Biol.17(6):e3000316. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000316

Moser F, Pražák V, Mordhorst V, Andrade DM, Baker LA, Hagen C, Grünewald K, Kaufmann R (2019) Cryo-SOFI enabling low-dose super-resolution correlative light and electron cryo-microscopy.  Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 116(11):4804-4809.  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1810690116

2018

Ando T, Bhamidimarri SP, Brending N, Colin-York H, Collinson L, De Jonge N, de Pablo PJ, Debroye E, Eggeling C, Franck C, Fritzsche M, Gerritsen H, Giepmans BNG, Grünewald K, Hofkens J, Hoogenboom JP, Janssen KPF, Kaufmann R, Klumperman J, Kurniawan N, Kusch J, Liv N, Parekh V, Peckys DB, Rehfeldt F, Reutens DC, Roeffaers MBJ, Salditt T, Schaap IAT, Schwarz US, Verkade P, Vogel MW, Wagner R, Winterhalter M, Yuan H, Zifarelli G (2018) The 2018 correlative microscopy techniques roadmap. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51: 443001 doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/aad055

Chorev DS, Baker LA, Wu D, Beilsten-Edmands V, Rouse SL, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Jiko C, Samsudin F, Gerle C, Khalid S, Stewart AG, Matthews SJ, Grünewald K, Robinson CV (2018) Protein assemblies ejected directly from native membranes yield complexes for mass spectrometry. Science. 362(6416):829-834. doi: 10.1126/science.aau0976

Kaufmann R, Grünewald K (2018) Super-resolution CLEM: from room temperature to cryo-imaging, in ‘The 2018 correlative microscopy techniques roadmap’ J. Physics D: Appl. Physics 51(443001): 9-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aad055

Grünewald K, Krey T (2018) Virus structure and expression - Editorial Overview. Curr. Opin. Virol. 31: iii-v. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.09.006.

Baker LA, Sinnige T, Schellenberger P, de Keyzer J, Siebert CA, Driessen AJM, Baldus M, Grünewald K (2018) Combined 1H-Detected Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy and Electron Cryotomography to Study Membrane Proteins across Resolutions in Native Environments. Structure 26(1): 161-170.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2017.11.011.

2017

Baker LA, Grange M, Grünewald K (2017) Electron cryo-tomography captures macromolecular complexes in native environments. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 46: 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2017.08.005.

Patwardhan A, Brandt R, Butcher SJ, Collinson L, Gault D, Grünewald K, Hecksel C, Huiskonen JT, Iudin A, Jones ML, Korir PK, Koster AJ, Lagerstedt I, Lawson CL, Mastronarde D, McCormick M, Parkinson H, Rosenthal PB, Saalfeld S, Saibil HR, Sarntivijai S, Solanes Valero I, Subramaniam S, Swedlow JR, Tudose I, Winn M, Kleywegt GJ (2017) Building bridges between cellular and molecular structural biology. Elife 6. e25835. doi: 10.7554/eLife.25835.

Clare DK, Siebert CA, Hecksel C, Hagen C, Mordhorst V, Grange M, Ashton AW, Walsh MA, Grünewald K, Saibil HR, Stuart DI, Zhang P (2017) Electron Bio-Imaging Centre (eBIC): the UK national research facility for biological electron microscopy. Acta Cryst. D73, 488–495. doi: 10.1107/S2059798317007756

Montespan C, Marvin SA, Austin S, Burrage AM, Roger B, Rayne F, Faure M, Campell EM, Schneider C, Reimer R, Grünewald K, Wiethoff CM, Wodrich H (2017) Multi-layered control of Galectin-8 mediated autophagy during adenovirus cell entry through a conserved PPxY motif in the viral capsid. PLoS Pathog. 13(2):e1006217. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006217

2016

Stoeber M, Schellenberger P, Siebert CA, Leyrat C, Helenius A, Grünewald K (2016) Model for the architecture of caveolae based on a flexible, net-like assembly of Cavin1 and Caveolin discs. PNAS 113(50): E8069-E8078.

Grange M, Vasishtan D, Grünewald K (2016) Cellular electron cryo tomography and in situ sub-volume averaging reveal the context of microtubule-based processes. J. Struct. Biol. S1047-8477(16) 30139-3 50

Riedel C, Vasishtan D, Siebert CA, Whittle C, Lehmann MJ, Mothes W, Grünewald K (2016) Native structure of a retroviral envelope protein and its conformational change upon interaction with the target cell. J. Struct. Biol. S1047-8477(16)30123-X.

Ashford P, Hernandez A, Greco TM, Buch A, Sodeik B, Cristea IM, Grünewald K, Shepherd A, Topf M (2016) HVint: A strategy for identifying novel protein-protein interactions in herpes simplex virus type 1. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(9):2939-53.

Wolff G, Hagen C, Grünewald K, Kaufmann R (2016) Towards correlative super-resolution fluorescence and electron cryo-microscopy. Biol. Cell. 2016 Sep;108(9):245-58.

Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Vasishtan D, Hernández Durán A, Vollmer B, White P, Prasad Pandurangan Siebert, CA Topf M, Grünewald K (2016) Two distinct trimeric conformations of natively membrane-anchored full-length Herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein B. PNAS 113(15): 4176-4181.

2015

Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Weberruß M, Lorenz M, Cheleski J, Hellberg T, Whittle C, El Omari K, Vasishtan D, Dent KC, Harlos K, Franzke K, Hagen C, Klupp BG, Antonin W, Mettenleiter TC, Grünewald K (2015) Crystal structure of the herpesvirus nuclear egress complex provides insights into inner nuclear membrane remodeling. Cell Reports 13: 2645–2652.

Hagen C, Dent KC, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Grange M, Bosse JB, Whittle C, Klupp BG, Siebert CA, Vasishtan D, Bäuerlein FJB, Cheleski J, Werner S, Guttmann P, Rehbein S, Henzler K, Demmerle J, Adler B, Koszinowski U, Schermelleh L, Schneider G, Enquist LW, Plitzko JP, Mettenleiter TC, Grünewald K (2015) Structural Basis of Vesicle Formation at the Inner Nuclear Membrane. Cell 163: 1692–1701.

Sali A, Berman HM, Schwede T, Trewhella J, Kleywegt G, Burley SK, Markley J, Nakamura H, Adams P, Bonvin AM, Chiu W, Peraro MD, Di Maio F, Ferrin TE, Grünewald K, Gutmanas A, Henderson R, Hummer G, Iwasaki K, Johnson G, Lawson CL, Meiler J, Marti-Renom MA, Montelione GT, Nilges M, Nussinov R, Patwardhan A, Rappsilber J, Read RJ, Saibil H, Schröder GF, Schwieters CD, Seidel CA, Svergun D, Topf M, Ulrich EL, Velankar S, Westbrook JD (2015) Outcome of the First wwPDB Hybrid/Integrative Methods Task Force Workshop. Structure 23: 1156-1167.

Johnson E, Seiradake E, Jones EY, Davis I, Grünewald K, Kaufmann R (2015) Correlative in-resin super-resolution and electron microscopy using standard fluorescent proteins. Scientific Reports 5: 9583.

Martinez R, Schellenberger P, Vasishtan D, Aknin C, Austin S, Dacheux D, Rayne F, Siebert A, Ruzsics Z, Grünewald K, Wodrich H (2015) The amphipatic helix of adenovirus capsid protein VI contributes to penton release and post entry sorting. J. Virol. 89: 2121-35

Saibil HR, Grünewald K, Stuart DI (2015) A national facility for biological cryo-electron microscopy. Acta Crystal. D 71: 127-135. 51

2014

Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Vasishtan D, Siebert A, Whittle C, Grünewald K (2014) Extracellular vesicles: a platform for the structure determination of membrane proteins by cryoEM. Structure 22:1687-1692.

Anderson F., Savulescu A., Rudolph K., Schipke J., Cohen I., Ibiricu I., Rotem A., Grünewald K., Sodeik B., Harel A. (2014) Targeting of viral capsids to nuclear pores in a cell-free reconstitution system. Traffic 15: 1266- 1281.

Patwardhan A, Ashton A, Brandt R, Butcher S, Carzaniga R, Chiu W, Collinson L, Doux P, Duke E, Ellisman M, Franken E, Grünewald K, Heriche J-K, Koster A, Kühlbrandt W, Lagerstedt I, Larabell C, Lawson CL, Saibil HR, Sanz-García E, Subramaniam S, Verkade P, Swedlow JR, Kleywegt GJ (2014) A 3D cellular context for the macromolecular world. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 21(10): 841-845.

Dent KC, Hagen C, Grünewald K (2014) Critical step-by-step approaches toward correlative fluorescence/soft X-ray cryo-microscopy of adherent mammalian cells. Meth. Cell Biol. 24: 179-216.

Hagen C, Werner S, Carregal-Romero S, Malhas AN, Klupp BG, Guttmann P, Rehbein S, Henzler K, Mettenleiter TC, Vaux DJ, Parak WJ, Schneider G, Grünewald K (2014) Multimodal nanoparticles as alignment and correlation markers in fluorescence/soft X-ray cryomicroscopy/ tomography of nucleoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis in mammalian cells. Ultramicroscopy 146: 46-54.

Kaufmann R, Schellenberger P, Seiradake E, Dobbie IM, Jones EY, Davis I, Hagen C, Grünewald K (2014) Super-Resolution Microscopy Using Standard Fluorescent Proteins in Intact Cells under Cryo-Conditions. Nano Letters 4(7): 4171-4175.

Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Vasishtan D, Siebert A, Grünewald K (2014) The full-length cell-cell fusogen EFF-1 is monomeric and upright to the membrane. Nature Comm. 5: 3912.

Kaufmann R., Hagen C., Grünewald K. (2014) Fluorescence cryomicroscopy: current challenges and prospects. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 20: 86–91.

Stauffer S, Rahman S, de Marco A, Carlson LA, Glass B, Oberwinkler H, Herold N, Briggs J, Müller B, Grünewald K, Kräusslich HG (2014) The NC domain of Gag is dispensable for actin incorporation into HIV-1 and for association of viral budding sites with cortical F-actin. J. Virol. 88(14): 7893-7903.

Koster AJ, Grünewald K (2014) Editorial on Correlative Microscopy Special Issue. Ultramicroscopy 143: 1-2.

Schellenberger P, Kaufmann R, Siebert CA, Hagen C, Wodrich H, Grünewald K (2014) High-precision correlative fluorescence and electron cryo microscopy using two independent alignment markers. Ultramicroscopy 143: 41-45.52

Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Hagen C, Grünewald K (2014) A cool hybrid approach to the herpesvirus ‘life’ cycle Curr. Opin. Virol. 5: 42–49.

2013

Maurer UE, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Pandurangan AP, Cairns TM, Hannah BP, Whitbeck JC, Eisenberg RJ, Cohen GH, Topf M, Huiskonen JT, Grünewald K (2013) The structure of herpesvirus fusion glycoprotein B-bilayer complex reveals the protein-membrane and lateral protein-protein interaction. Structure 21: 1396-1405.

Ibiricu I, Maurer UE, Grünewald K (2013) Characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 L-particle assembly and egress in hippocampal neurons by electron cryotomography. Cell. Microbiol. 15(2): 285-291.

2012

Hagen C, Guttmann P, Klupp B, Werner S, Rehbein S, Mettenleiter TC, Schneider G, Grünewald K (2012) Correlative VIS-fluorescence and soft X-ray cryo-microscopy/tomography of adherent cells. J. Struct. Biol. 177: 193-201.

2011

Ibiricu I, Huiskonen JT, Döhner K, Bradke F, Sodeik B, Grünewald K (2011) Cryo Electron Tomography of Herpes Simplex Virus during Axonal Transport and Secondary Envelopment in Primary Neurons. PLoS Pathog. 7: e1002406.

Karotki L, Huiskonen JT, Stefan CJ, Ziółkowska NE, Roth R, Surma MA, Krogan NJ, Emr SD, Heuser J, Grünewald K, Walther TC (2011) Eisosome Proteins Assemble into a Membrane Scaffold. Journal of Cell Biology 195: 889–902.

Avinoam O, Fridman K, Valansi C, Abutbul I, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Maurer UE, Sapir A, Danino D, Grünewald K, White JM, Podbilewicz B (2011) Conserved eukaryotic fusogens can fuse viral envelopes to cells. Science 332: 589-592.

2010

Carlson LA, de Marco A, Oberwinkler H, Habermann A, Briggs JA, Kräusslich HG, Grünewald K (2010) Cryo electron tomography of native HIV-1 budding sites. PLoS Pathog. 6: e1001173.

Brandt F, Carlson LA, Hartl FU, Baumeister W, Grünewald K (2010) The three-dimensional organization of polyribosomes in intact human cells. Mol. Cell 39: 560-569.

Huiskonen JT, Hepojoki J, Laurinmäki P, Vaheri A, Lankinen H, Butcher SJ, Grünewald K (2010) Electron cryotomography of Tula hantavirus suggests a unique assembly paradigm for enveloped viruses. J. Virol. 84: 4889-4897.

Scrivano L, Esterlechner J, Mühlbach H, Ettischer N, Hagen C, Grünewald K, Mohr CA, Ruzsics Z, Koszinowski U, Adler B (2010) The m74 gene product of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is a functional homolog of human CMV gO and determines the entry pathway of MCMV. J. Virol. 84: 4469-4480.53

Grünewald K (2010) Viral fusion: how Flu induces dimples on liposomes. EMBO J. 29: 1165-1166.

2009

Grünewald K (2009) Adding a spatial dimension to the proteome. Nature Methods 6: 798-800.

Kopp SJ, Banisadr G, Glajch K, Maurer UE, Grünewald K, Miller RJ, Osten P Spear, PG (2009) Infection of neurons and encephalitis after intracranial inoculation of herpes simplex virus requires the entry receptor nectin-1. PNAS 106: 17916-17920.

Huiskonen JT, Overby AK, Weber F, Grünewald K (2009) Electron Cryo- Microscopy and Single-Particle Averaging of Rift Valley Fever Virus: Evidence for GN-GC Glycoprotein Heterodimers. J. Virol. 83: 3762-3769.

2008

Carlson LA, Briggs JA, Glass B, Riches JD, Simon MN, Johnson MC, Müller B, Grünewald K, Kräusslich HG (2008) Three-Dimensional Analysis of Budding Sites and Released Virus Suggests a Revised Model for HIV-1 Morphogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 4: 592-599.

Maurer UE, Sodeik B, Grünewald K (2008) Intermediates of membrane fusion in herpesvirus entry captured by cryo electron tomography. PNAS 105(30): 10559-10564.

Hagen C, Grünewald K (2008) Microcarriers for high-pressure freezing and cryosectioning of adherent cells. J. Microsc. 30(2): 288-296.

Överby A, Pettersson R, Grünewald K, Huiskonen JT (2008) Insights into Bunyavirus architecture from electron cryo-tomography of Uukuniemi virus. PNAS 105: 2375-2379.

2007

Schelhaas M, Pelkmans L, Malmström J, Aebersold R, Haugstetter J, Ellgaard L, Grünewald K, Helenius A (2007) Simian Virus 40 depends on ER protein folding and quality control factors for entry into host cells. Cell 131: 516-529.

2006

Grünewald K, Cyrklaff M (2006) Structure of complex viruses and virusinfected cells by electron cryo tomography. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 9: 437-442.

Zanetti G, Briggs JA, Grünewald K, Sattentau QJ, Fuller SD (2006) Cryoelectron tomographic structure of an immunodeficiency virus envelope complex in situ. PLoS Pathog. 2: e83.

Briggs AG, Grünewald K, Glass B, Förster F, Kräusslich HG, Fuller SD (2006) The mechanism of HIV-1 core assembly: insights from threedimensional reconstructions of authentic virions. Structure 14: 15-20.

2005

Cardone G, Grünewald K, Steven AC (2005) A resolution criterion for electron tomography based on cross-validation. J. Struct. Biol. 151: 117-129.

2003

Grünewald K, Desai P, Winkler DC, Heymann JB, Belnap DM, Baumeister W, Steven AC (2003) Three-dimensional structure of Herpes simplex virus from cryo-electron tomography, Science 302: 1396-1398.54

Grünewald K, Medalia O, Gross A, Steven A C, Baumeister W (2003) Prospects of electron cryotomography to visualize macromolecular complexes inside cellular compartments: Implications of crowding. Biophysical Chem. 100: 577-591.

2001

Grünewald K, Hirschberg J, Hagen C (2001) Ketocarotenoid biosynthesis outside of plastids in the unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 6023-6029.

Grünewald K, Hagen C (2001) ß-carotene is the intermediate exported from the chloroplast during accumulation of secondary carotenoids in Haematococcus pluvialis (Chlorophyceae). J. Appl. Phycol. 13: 89-93.

Hagen C, Grünewald K, Xyländer M, Rothe E (2001) Effect of cultivation parameters on growth and pigment biosynthesis in flagellated cells of Haematococcus pluvialis. J. Appl. Phycol. 13: 79-87.

2000

Hagen C, Grünewald K, Schmidt S, Müller J (2000) Accumulation of secondary carotenoids in flagellates of Haematococcus pluvialis (Chlorophyta) is accompanied by an increase in per unit chlorophyll productivity of photosynthesis. Eur. J. Phycol. 35: 75-82.

Grünewald K, Hagen C (2000) Extrusion of secondary carotenoid containing vesicles from flagellates of Haematococcus pluvialis. (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae) J. Appl. Bot. 74: 141-144.

Hagen C, Grünewald K (2000) Fosmidomycin as an inhibitor of the nonmevalonate terpenoid pathway depresses synthesis of secondary carotenoids in flagellates of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. J. Appl. Bot. 74: 137-140.

Grünewald K, Eckert M, Hirschberg J, Hagen C (2000) Phytoene desaturase is localized exclusively in the chloroplast and up-regulated at the mRNA level during accumulation of secondary carotenoids in Haematococcus pluvialis (Volvocales, chlorophyceae). Plant Physiol. 122: 1261-1268.

1997

Grünewald K, Hagen C, Braune W (1997) Secondary carotenoid accumulation in flagellates of the green alga Haematococcus lacustris. Eur. J. Phycol. 32: 387- 392.

1994

Grünewald K (1994) Microsphaera syringae mit Cleistothecien. Boletus 18:25-26.